Sunday, January 26, 2020

Factors in organisations that would influence choice of leadership styles

Factors in organisations that would influence choice of leadership styles Identify factors in organisations that would influence choice of leadership styles and explain why leadership styles are likely to positively affect team building Leadership styles are currently different across the globe, especially between Asia and America. Culture makes the way how things are done, but less so what is done. The differences of styles in different parts of world clearly reflect the stage of development of the economies, like companies of Asia. As Asian companies seek access to global capital markets, they will move toward professional managers who will employ leadership styles most likely to those now used in the United States and Europe. Mostly Asian companies rely more on professional employees, and as professional services become of more importance in Asian economies, there will be less autocratic style of leadership and more participative and even empowered style of leadership will emerge. Asian leadership will show more resemblance to that of the West. But significant cultural differences will remain unchanged causing economic and geopolitical rivalries within Asia and between Asian countries and the West will continue and perhaps grow. Family and political connections: Cultural differences are very important, For example, family leadership of business which passes by one generation to another, including in large companies, occurs in very similar ways in both parts, East and West, but is more common in Asia. Li Ka-shing ( Hong Kong-based Hutchison Whampoa and Cheung Kong holding group), for instance, runs his business closely and is planning to pass the leadership of his firms to his two sons. Similarly, in America the heads of some largest firms, both publicly held and private, belong to the families that founded the firms, but there is less freedom of action for executives and boards in America than in Asia. But in America, more commonly firms are run by professional managers who are replaced by other professional managers, either as result of retirement or of replacement by the board of directors of the firm. The better companies have much sophisticated programs for developing executives within the firm, and in most cases, choose a next chief executive officer from among them. In Asia, succession in most cases is passed on to the siblings. In Lis case, he is passing it to his sons, while Jack Welch chose to groom CEOs for General Electric. To a significant level, large American firms are at a higher stage of development than many Asian firms, they have passed from founders family leadership to professional management and to capital obtained from the capital markets rather than obtained from government directly or indirectly or from family sources, in this transition they have adopted particular styles of leadership responsive to boards often led by outside directors. It is possible, but not certain, that Asian firms as they develop, follow this evolutionary path. In Asia political connections so important for top business leaders as compared to Western countries, whether in democracies or one-party states are not unknown but are much less important in America and Europe. It is a common characteristic of Asian top executives that they have strong connections that are important to their businesses. In America, the CEOs of very large firms often have less or no direct connections to top politicians-the government is treat ed at arms length and business is done by business people. There are some off course, and there is deep political involvement, but it is much less common than in Asia. Furthermore, leadership is of three levels where team is the base of it, so as a result of this all leadership styles affect in positively towards team building. With reference a relevant leadership model, explain how an organisations working practices could be improved, by collecting feedback from others. Assumptions: Involvement of people working in organization for decision-making improves the understanding of the issues. People are more committed to actions when they have involved in the relevant decision-making. People become less competitive and more collaborative when they work on joint goals. When people make decisions together, the social commitment between them is greater and thus increases their commitment to the decision. Several brains deciding together make better decisions than on brain alone, for such situation participative leadership style is widely used. Style: A Participative Leader, instead of taking autocratic decisions, seeks to involve other people in the decision making, possibly including subordinates, colleagues, superiors and other stakeholders. Often, however, as it is within the managers control to give or deny control to his or her subordinates, most participative activity is within the immediate team. The question of how much influence others are given in the process of decision making, may vary on the managers preferences and beliefs, and a whole spectrum of participation is possible. Businesses in the world need to focus greatly on smarter working practices in order to remain competitive in the global economy and to prosper, leading experts have claimed. Most business leaders acknowledge that smarter working practices will help to improve staff wellbeing and make businesses more inclusive. In particular, experts say that it is necessary to reduce the average length of the working week in the organizations, as well as cutting down commuting time. Both of these things always lead to worker stress and ill health. Some experts also say that technology could play an important role in helping to improve working practices in the in todays worstile and sophisticated business. Recently in UK, figures from the Office for National Statistics were published which showed that broadband internet connections have helped the number of home workers increase by 18 per cent over the last nine years in this decade. Similarly, data from BT Business recently indicated that faster internet connections had helped the bosses of small businesses achieve a better work-life balance. Explain why it is so important to make effective and efficient use of your teams knowledge and skills while planning to achieve work objectives TEAM EFFECTIVENESS The importance of work teams appears to be gaining strength as jobs get long and complicated, organizational structures get more complex, and more and more companies become multi-national in scope . In todays corporate environment, it appears the team not the individual holds the key to business success. DREAM EFFECTIVENESS As companies restructure, downsize, and reinvent themselves, the new roles being created which often tend to be team-oriented. Organizations are becoming flatter, leaner, and more agile and efficient. A prominen and most commont feature of effectiveness today is satisfying customer needs. Many jobs and projects are becoming increasingly complex, less time available for completion, and global in scope due to fast changing business world. All these factors collectively are making it increasing difficult for one person to perform a single job. Todays workplace uses teams as the basic work unit for example surgical units, airplane crews, research and development teams, production crews. Although teams are found everywhere in organizations but most employee related functions are individualized (e.g., selecting, training, evaluating, rewarding). Such a disconnection between an organizations need to foster effective teams and its natural tendency to focus on the individual employee can create many problems. In addition, some research suggests a key reason why some teams fail is that employees are not well prepared to make the transition from individual contributor to team member. One of the keys to develope high performing teams is to remember that successful teams do not simply happen. They take much effort and time. They take proper guidance and support from the team leader. They require an organizational culture which enables and enhance team work. To achieve a high level of team performance, we must be knowledgeable about the factors which influence team dynamics and effectiveness. To understand how teams work, many authors have proposed models of team performance. Each of these models presents several variables that the author posits influence the effectiveness of teams. Some of the models highlight group structure and interpersonal dynamics, while others tend to focus on the talent and motivation of individual team members. Still others emphasize factors external to the team itself (e.g., a companys culture). Some models were proposed more than three decades ago in 1970s; some were developed within the past few years. Identify and describe barriers to delegation in the workplace and one mechanism to support delegation in the workplace Managers often have a number of excuses for not delegating: I can do it better myself; My employees just arent capable enough; It takes too much time to explain what I want to be done. The real reason may be the manager is simply too disorganized or inflexible to delegate work effectively. Other barriers to delegation are insecurity and confusion about who is ultimately responsible for a specific task the manager or the employee. Managers cannot sidestep their responsibility to higher ups simply by delegating difficult or unpleasant tasks. They are always accountable for the actions of their employees a fact that makes some managers reluctant to take a chance on delegating. Others fear that delegating reduces their own authority. Still others feel threatened if their employees do too good a job. Some employees on the other hand, want to avoid responsibility and risk. They prefer that their managers make all the decisions. These barriers can be overcome if managers follow certain guidelines for effective delegation. Supportive elements for delegation: Factors from manager point of view: An   effective and   talented   manager   would   delegate, who   has   interest   in   developing   the   subordinates. An overload   of   work   could also   force   a   manager to delegate decision making power. The   task   may   Ã‚  recur   in   the   future or   frequently The   Tasks in   hand   are  critical for long-term success   Ã‚  and   genuinely do need your attention The   subordinates   have   the   necessary   experience, expertise   Ã‚  to handle   the   Ã‚  tasks and ability that could help manager and other higher officials . The tasks timelines and deadlines, for example. i : How much time is there available to do the job? ii: Is there time to do the job all again if its not done properly the first time? iii: What are the possible consequences of not completing the job on time? iv: Your expectations or goals for the   task(s) v: How important is it that the results generated are of the highest possible standard and quality? vi: Is an adequate result good enough? vii: Would a failure be crucial? Viii: How much would failure impact other things? FACTORS FROM   Ã‚  THE STAFF POINT of view:   Ã‚   The   Ã‚  staff has the expertise to complete the job. The delay is acceptable, if the staff cant complete. The staff is keen to take the opportunity to grow/ develop. Explain techniques that could be used to monitor the outcomes of delegation in the workplace After the process of delegation is completed then comes the measurement stage of its outcomes and mostly same techniques are used for measurement, which are often used to measure the performance at a broader level, for company performance. Same 8 step process is used for the outcomes of delegation which is most commonly used as performance measurement. To evaluate how the subordinates are performing, for this some targets are set before the delegation, as goals are set for organisation this stage is of two parts, data about the performance of subordinates and the benchmark. To control the things to ensure that subordinates are doing the right things. Today managers do not control their subordinates mechanically (measurement of time-and-motion for control as during Taylor) as couple of decades they used to, but managers still use different measures to control, while allowing some space for freedom in the workforce. Organisation create measurement systems that involve particular actions they want to be executed by branch employess. Then they want to measure the performance to see whether the employees have taken those actions. Officials need to measure behavior of individuals (subordinates in this case) then compare this performance with requirements to check who has and has not complied. Often such requirements are described only as guidelines. Do not be fooled. These guidelines are legally requirements and those requirement are designed to control the things. This measurement of meeting with these requirements is the mechanism of control. To budget the process of any kind is sometime answer to improving performance for example providing better technological equipments could improve the performance. To motivate subordinates after giving significant goals to achieve and then using measurements of performance for better outcomes. Motivation is one of three elements of performance; ability and environment. To celebrate the accomplishments keep subordinates tie together and give them a sense of their individual as well as collective relevance, celebration also helps in performance improvement because it brings attention to the goals and promotes competence and attracts resources. To promote, at broader level of company performance managers convince political superiors, stakeholders, journalists, and citizens that their company is doing good job but to monitoring the delegation outcomes this stage is used to promote the work of subordinates. To learn from the delegation is also a very important stage, this involves that how whether it has brought desired results or not. This stages data is also very useful in future decision making. To improve the things that we learned at previous stage, this means to identify places that need improvements.

Saturday, January 18, 2020

Paper Analysis on the Poem Dulce Et Decorum Est Essay

Wilfred Edward Salter Owen born 8 March 1893, died on 4 November 1918. Were an English soldier and poet (one of the leading poet in World War 1). Wilfred Owen was born at Plas Wilmot, a house in Weston Lane, near Oswestry in Shropshire, on 18 March 1893, of mixed English and Welsh ancestry. He was the eldest of four children, his siblings being Harold, Colin, and Mary Millard Owen. Line By Line Interpretation Lines 1-2 Beggars used to put everything they owned in some sort of sack which would then carry over their shoulder. The soldier, like the beggar is bent over in pain. The solider could also from the gas attack. â€Å"Knock- kneed,† suggest that the soldier is trying to keep his knees together and his feet wide apart as a way to keep him steady so that he can continue to walk. Owen compares to â€Å"old beggars† and â€Å"hags† as a way to say that the soldiers have lost their youthfulness due to fighting in this war. The symptoms listed here is due to a mustard gas attack; the solider experienced blisters, sore eyes, and vomiting. Line 3-8 The solider try to go back to camp to recover from the effects from the mustard gas attack. â€Å"Haunting flares† are the flashes of life that accompany artillery shell. â€Å"Distant rest† can be interpreted in two ways: first, when the soldier reaches camp they would be able rest and recovered from the attacks; the second interpretation could be death. It could take a while for a solider to die from exposure to mustard gas. â€Å"Limped on blood shots furthers the opinion that this was a mustard gas attack, because men would get sores over their bodies from being exposed to this gas. Of course, it’s also possible that they were just hit with artillery fire but in keeping with the context of this poem it makes more sense that this would be an effect of some sort of gassing. â€Å"All blind† was another symptom of the attack; they eyes would become very inflamed and puffed up so that it would make it hard for them to see. â€Å"Five-nines† are the five point nine calibre shells that were fired on the British soldiers in this particular instant. When the shells were fired they made high pitched sound, described by Owen as hooting. Line9-14 This is the part of the poem that describes a chlorine gas attack. â€Å"An ecstasy of fumbling† can be interpreted as the soldier so overwhelmed with being scared and nervousness that they are fumbling with their helmets while they were trying to put them on. The helmets here are referred to as mask gas. There were many varieties of gas mask during WWI; with each new development in gas war fare the helmets had to be adapted to protect the soldier. In the early days of chlorine gas attack, men would put damp cloths over their mouths and noses, which would reduce the effects of the gas on the men. Gas masks were later produced to protect soldiers from this gas. Line 15-16 This section can be read as nightmare. This scene of death haunts the narrator of this poem these men saw death every day and with the introduction war fare one could argue that death took on a whole new significance for them. The drawn out death of men expose to the gases will leave more of an impression of the mind of that of a quick death. More and more men had to be treated for post-traumatic stress disorder due to them not being able to deal with everything that they saw while they were enlisted the solider described here a slowly dying. (Line16) Lists all the actions that a person would do if their air supply was cut-off. Line 17-24 This section of the poem describes a soldier with post-traumatic stress would think. The narrator describes this dream as smothering like he is the one that is suffocating rather than the soldier. There was little that cloud be done for the soldiers once they were expose through this gas and that made that people feel really uneasy. â€Å"Like a devil’s sick of sin† could mean that the soldier was as tired as the devil of the sin that he and others took part in. â€Å"The bloods come gargling from the froth- corrupted lungs† is a very descriptive image that would probably make anyone sick to their stomach if they actually had to see it first-hand. This is an image that would stick with someone for a long time, haunting their memories. It is these kinds of memories that can cause post-traumatic stress disorder. Lines 25-28 Owen is referring to Jessie Pope when he says â€Å"My friend.† He is telling her that is she knew the reality of the war she would not be propagandizing it to young men. Pope prays on the young men’s desire to be glorious heroes without telling them the ramifications of enlisting Significance of the Title The title is significant because e it highlights the horror and reality of war especially on the first war. The war is reflected in the Latin word â€Å"DULCE ET DECORUM EST PRO PATRIA MORI†. This phrase can be translated as it is sweet and rite to die for your country. Owen states as an â€Å"Old Lie† and he illustrates this in the poem. His illustration of the reality war is that an incident of exhausted soldier studded through the mud of the soldiers. They are leaved the front line in order to rest for a few days in a safer place. However the group is attacked by mustard gas. One soldier was last in putting his mask. Owen describes the symptoms shown by7 the man as the poison slowly kills him. Tone of the Poem The tone of the poem is harsh due to the diction. â€Å"Coughing like hags†, â€Å"Curse through sludge† Poetic Devices â€Å"Bent double† is an example of an hyperbole it conveys the feeling of exhaustion felt by the soldiers, were carrying heavy packs and being sleepless in the trenches. Metaphor: â€Å"Drunk with fatigue† the feeling the soldier were having due to mustard gas effect Alliteration: â€Å"Knock-kneed coughing like hags, we cursed through sludge.† create and impression of panic an urgencies. Simile: â€Å"Like a man in fire or lime† to express the burning and blistering of the pain caused by the mustard when it came into contact with their skin. Rhyme: â€Å"Sacks –backs, sludge- trudge, boots-hoots†

Friday, January 10, 2020

Whispered What Are Some Social Issues Secrets

Whispered What Are Some Social Issues Secrets What Are Some Social Issues for Dummies Developments in social media are continuously changing. Internet chatbots have existed for a very long moment. Today, marketing and societal media go together. What Are Some Social Issues Ideas Put simply, governments have the potential to alter the social determinants of obesity. It was not until last year that his administration sought any growth in funding to tackle the opioid addiction epidemic,'' Kolodny explained. Policy issues can relate to the medical insurance industry in the united states too. Interventions directed at establishing safe sexual practices among CSWs show remarkable outcomes. Nowadays the expression third world means country that are less developed. There is a particular fragility of revenue and social position in France. For instance, a high unemployment rate which affects millions of people is a social matter. As a consequence, social issues can be raised by t he unequal distribution of funding between public schools, including that seen in the United States of america. It is wise to choose a topic which you can easily research on. Even programs which are on target in terms and conditions of their objectives, approach, and outcomes are often implemented with this kind of poor quality and consistency they do not achieve their potential. Social issues within this lesson is going to be defined as a health issue that every patient is going to have to evaluate based on their values, beliefs, and distinctive circumstance. Social work policy issues facing professionals working in this discipline in 2018 are important because those issues can alter the way that people do their jobs and the quantity of help they can provide. What Is So Fascinating About What Are Some Social Issues? An excellent education (in comparison with a bad one) will offer a kid with a heightened chance of taking advantage of chances to be prosperous in life. Yes, th ere are a number of savings after the very first child you don't need to purchase another high chair! Students have a propensity of postponing their assignments as a result of distractions caused by their fun life. Throughout the life program, there are social problems connected with distinctive ages. Homeless individuals, for the large part, cannot provide for themselves the basic needs of life. What's more, many teens spend as much time on-line checking statuses and likes they neglect to interact with the folks right in front of those. For instance, you may rather not post five pictures and videos every day on Instagram. Additionally, there are many different choices for the sort of ad you need to run. Public schools which do not receive high standardized test scores aren't being funded sufficiently to actually reach the utmost level of education their students ought to be receiving. The usage of brain-imaging practices, together with other sensitive experimental approach es, is very likely to prove fruitful here. Replacement teaching situations simply don't happen. Data collection protocols or procedures should incorporate an explicit description of the measures which will be taken to safeguard the subjects. The Upside to What Are Some Social Issues Tall men and women appear confident, powerful and appealing. Some folks reside in rural areas which do not offer opportunities for folks to become familiar with their neighbors or to make new pals. Regular folks share live videos to interact with their family and friends on social networking. There are lots of young people around who do not desire to accept things as they are. The Basics of What Are Some Social Issues More than a few companies concentrate on specific issues like climate change, while some embrace a more comprehensive approach that tries to minimize undesirable societal impacts throughout the board. In the event the moral component related to organized crime activities were rem oved, governments could offer clean, safe merchandise and services, in controlled problems. The policies affecting social workers today can result in food deserts forming and people who are not able to afford to become sick. While the problems highlighted aren't the only ones affecting Russia, they should be addressed more effectively in the event the country intends to develop at the rate its considerable resources allow. The social justice issues can be classified beneath a list of social policy difficulties and social awareness problems. If you're homeless, you get a personal issue. Actually, social problems cannot be solved without them. They are shared among many people, not just a few. What to Do About What Are Some Social Issues The circumstance is even direr when there is but one parent. Each circumstance differs. Issues like homosexuality create a difference in how people react in society. There are lots of other issues which are rubbing citizens the incorrect wa y. There are costs in terms of lost productivity from those that are unable to do their jobs since they're addicted. The truth is, there are various social responsibility issues in the modern business world. Developing a social networking policy is an efficient way to help protect a provider's brand and credibility online whilst managing employee actions and expectations. The incorrect hashtag, though, can quickly bring unwarranted attention or have an advertising campaign in the incorrect direction. Because so much brain development happens during the teen years, it's important that parents understand the effect that social networking use can have on their kids. Reduced income then threatens food supply, the ability to cover the education or health of surviving family members. There are a number of ways in which businesses are able to take advantage of social listening. While social media is a superb way to stay in touch with family and friends, it also isn't the exact sa me as face-to-face communication.

Wednesday, January 1, 2020

Women in Ancient Egypt and Greece - 1311 Words

Women in Ancient Egypt and Greece By Morgan L. Harvey Throughout history women have faced many struggles in gaining equality with men. Freedoms and boundaries have been dependent upon the time period, rulers, religions and civilization. Ancient Greek women and Ancient Egyptian women were both equal to men as far as the law was concerned in certain areas; however, their equalities were different in the sense that Greek women were married out of necessity and viewed as property while Egyptian women were respected and loved by their husbands. Ancient Greek women and Ancient Egyptian women also both lived with limitations such as being thought of as domestic servants, yet these views solely depended on the time and polis. In Ancient†¦show more content†¦Closer to the Spartan women, Egyptian women were well respected and revered. Egyptian women were fortunate in that they were equal to men as far as the law was concerned. They could own property, borrow money, initiate divorce, and many other things unheard of in the Greek civilizat ion. The Egyptian royal line was matriarchal, meaning that royalty was passed down from mother to son. The Greeks, in comparison, were patriarchal, meaning control was passed from father to son. It was also necessary for a man to marry a woman of royalty in order to become a Pharaoh. Because of this, it was common for brothers to marry sisters. Sometimes, women were even known to become a Pharaoh. There are at least four documented female Pharaohs with the most notable being Hatshepsut (1479-1458 B.C.) (McKay 2009). Hatshepsut, though a very powerful ruler, was often times depicted in men’s clothing and with a false beard (McKay 2009). This shows that even though women were much more important in Egyptian society, there was still a stigma around women leaders. Royal women were not the only ones to have rights in Egyptian culture; commoners had many of the same freedoms as well. Common women were equal in law and could own property. Common women could also participate in court and seek legal action if their property was in jeopardy. Women were also given some degree of education like the Spartans. TheShow MoreRelatedRole of Women in Ancient Greece and Egypt2493 Words   |  10 PagesThe Role of Women in Ancient Greece and Egypt Throughout history, most societies held women in an inferior status compared to that of men. This was often justified as being the natural result of biological differences between the sexes. In many societies, for example, people believed women to be more emotional and less decisive than men. Women were also viewed to be less intelligent and less creative by nature. However, research shows that women and men have the same range of emotional, intellectualRead MoreEssay about role of women in ancient greece and egypt2396 Words   |  10 Pages The Role of Women in Ancient Greece and Egypt Throughout history, most societies held women in an inferior status compared to that of men. This was often justified as being the natural result of biological differences between the sexes. In many societies, for example, people believed women to be more emotional and less decisive than men. Women were also viewed to be less intelligent and less creative by nature. 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